The 15 September 2022 floods in northern Marche (Central Italy): disaster analysis, case studies and mitigation strategies for hydro-geomorphological hazard
Archivio di Stato di Roma: Catasto Gregoriano, https://imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it/Gregoriano/mappe.php (last access: 12 February 2026), 2026. Aringoli, D., Bisci, C., Farabollini, P., Gentili, B., Giacopetti, M., Materazzi, M., and Pambianchi, G.: L'estate di San Martino: prime considerazioni sull'alluvione del 10-11-12 novembre e del 1–2 dicembre 2013 nelle Marche, Geologi. Marche, 52, 9–13, 2013. Aulitzky, H.: Preliminary two-fold classification of torrents, in: Proceedings International Symposium Interpraevent, Bad Ischl., 4, 285–309, 1980. Barredo, J. I.: Normalised flood losses in Europe: 1970–2006, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-97-2009, 2009. Bendia, F., Farabollini, P., Aringoli, D., Bisci, C., Bufalini, M., Gentilucci, M., Lampa, F., Materazzi, M. and Pambianchi, G.: The flood events of September 2022 in the Marche region (Italy): meteo-climatic and geomorphological-hydraulic analysis, in: Proceedings of the 4th Mediterranean Geoscience Union, Spain, 25–28 November 2024, p. 1063, 2025. Bufalini, M., Farabollini, P., Fuffa, E., Materazzi, M., Pambianchi, G., and Michele, T.: The significance of recent and short pluviometric time series for the assessment of flood hazard in the context of climate change: examples from some sample basins of the Adriatic Central Italy, Aims Geosci., 5, 568–590, https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2019.3.568, 2019. CIMA, 2022: Marche: il punto di vista scientifico, https://www.cimafoundation.org/news/marche-il-punto-di-vista-scientifico/ (last access: 12 February 2026), 2026. Civil Protection of the Marche region: Rapporto di Evento Preliminare 15–17 Settembre 2022, https://www.regione.marche.it/Regione-Utile/Protezione-Civile/Maltempo-Settembre-2022 (last access: 5 January 2024), 2022. Copernicus Emergency Management Service, EMSR634: Flood in Marche and Umbria regions, Italy, https://mapping.emergency.copernicus.eu/activations/EMSR634/ (last access: 10 May 2023), n.d.. Corti, M., Francioni, M., Abbate, A., Papini, M., and Longoni, L.: Analysis and modelling of the September 2022 flooding event in the Misa Basin, Ital. J. Eng. Geol. Environ., 1, 69–76, https://doi.org/10.4408/IJEGE.2024-01.S-08, 2024. De Lucia, C., Amaddii, M., and Arrighi, C.: Tangible and intangible ex post assessment of flood-induced damage to cultural heritage, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4317–4339, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4317-2024, 2024. Donnini, M., Santangelo, M., Gariano, S. L., Bucci, F., Peruccacci, S., Alvioli, M., Althuwaynee, O., Ardizzone, F., Bianchi, C., Bornaetxea, T., Brunetti, M.T., Cardinali, M., Esposito, G., Grita, S., Marchesini, I., Melillo, M., Salvati, P., Yazdani, M., and Fiorucci, F.: Landslides triggered by an extraordinary rainfall event in Central Italy on September 15, 2022, Landslides, 20, 2199–2211, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-023-02109-4, 2023 Dottori, F., Darienzo, M., Fagugli, G., Gabellani, S., Ghizzoni, T., Ottonelli, D., Pignone, F., and Trasforini, E.: Appraising and reducing riverine flood risk: a case study from Central Italy, EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria, 14–19 Apr 2024, EGU24-8531, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-8531, 2024. European Environment Agency (EEA): “The European environment – state and outlook 2020: Knowledge for transition to a sustainable Europe” EEA Report No. 10/2021, 2021. European Environment Agency (EEA): “European flood risk assessment” EEA Report No. 10/2020, 2024. European Parliament and Council: “Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the assessment and management of flood risks” Official Journal of the European Union, L 288/27, 2007. Farabollini, P. and Materazzi, M.: Maggio, 2014; Siamo alle solite, È ora di cambiare la rotta!, Geologi. Marche, 54, 4–9, 2014. Farabollini, P. and Bendia, F.: Assetto geologico e sismotettonico. In: La Microzonazione sismica delle Marche – 10 anni di attività, a cura di Albarello D. and Tiberi P., Ancona, Regione Marche, Direzione Protezione Civile e Sicurezza del Territorio, 77–105, 2022. Federico, S., Torcasio, R. C., Avolio, E., Caumont, O., Montopoli, M., Baldini, L., Vulpiani, G., and Dietrich, S.: The impact of lightning and radar reflectivity factor data assimilation on the very short-term rainfall forecasts of RAMS@ISAC: application to two case studies in Italy, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 1839–1864, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-1839-2019, 2019. Gennari, E., Biagiotti, F., Mengarelli, D., Striglio, G., and Cristallo, C.: La gestione dell'emergenza nell'ultimo miglio: il caso dell'alluvione nelle Marche del 15 settembre 2022, Geologia dell'Ambiente- Periodico trimestrale della Società Italiana di Geologia Ambientale 1/2023, 3–11, https://www.sigeaweb.it/documenti/gda/gda-1-2023.pdf (last access: 12 February 2026), 2023. Gentilucci, M., Rossi, A., Pelagagge, N., Aringoli, D., Barbieri, M., and Pambianchi, G.: GEV Analysis of Extreme Rainfall: Comparing Different Time Intervals to Analyse Model Response in Terms of Return Levels in the Study Area of Central Italy, Sustainability, 15, 11656, https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511656, 2023. Guglielmo, G. and Verdicchio, D.: Analisi statistica dell'evento pluviometrico del 15 settembre 2022 nella regione Marche”, Report on line, https://www.meteoregionelazio.it/wpcontent/uploads/2022/10/Analisi-statistica-Marche.pdf (last access: 12 January 2024), 2022. Idrologia Polito: L'evento pluviometrico del 15 settembre 2022 nelle Marche è eccezionale?, Idrologia@Polito, http://www.idrologia.polito.it/web2/2022/09/levento-pluviometrico-del-15-settembre-2022-nelle-marche (last access: 12 February 2026), 26 September 2022. Johnson, A. M. and Rodine, J. R.: Debris flow. Slope Instability, Wiley, New York, NY, 257–361 pp., 1984. Jongman, B., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Feyen, L., Aerts, J. C., Mechler, R., Botzen, W. W., and Ward, P. J.: Increasing stress on disaster-risk finance due to large floods, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 264–268, 2014. Kirpich, Z. P.: Time of concentration of small agricultural watersheds, Civil Eng., 10, 362, 1940. Mattavelli, R.: Analysis of the erosional processes following the September 2022 flood in the Misa basin, M.S. thesis, School of civil, environmental and land management engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Italy, 150, 2022. Morelli, S., Bonì, R., Guidi, E., De Donatis, M., Pappafico, G., and Francioni, M.: L'alluvione delle Marche del 15 settembre 2022, cause e conseguenze, Cult. Territ. Linguaggi, 24, 136–147, 2023. Peck, A. J., Adams, S. L., Armstrong, A., Bartlett, A. K., Bortman, M. L., Branco, A. B., Brown, M. L., Donohue, J. L., Kodis, M., McCann, M. J., and Smith, E.: A new framework for flood adaptation: introducing the Flood Adaptation Hierarchy, Ecol. Soc., 27, https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13544-270405, 2022. Pulvirenti, L., Squicciarino, G., Fiori, E., Candela, L., and Puca, S.: Analysis and Processing of the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation Images of the 2022 Marche (Central Italy) Flood, Water, 15, 1353, https://doi.org/10.3390/w15071353, 2023. Regional Agro- meteorological Service of AMAP Regione Marche: Analisi dell'intenso maltempo delle giornate 15 e 17 settembre 2022, blog meteo ASSAM, http://www2.meteo.marche.it/blogmeteoassam.aspx?postid=d3c62916-2e06-4f99-8a96-444bdd92cc02 (last access: 12 February 2026), 22 September 2022. Regione Marche (n.d.): Cartografia e informazioni territoriali, https://www.regione.marche.it/Regione-Utile/Ambiente/Cartografia-e-informazioni-territoriali/OpenData (last access: 12 February 2026), 2024. Santangelo, M., Althuwaynee, O., Alvioli, M., Ardizzone, F., Bianchi, C., Bornaetxea, T., Brunetti, M.T., Bucci, F., Cardinali, M., Donnini, M., Esposito, G., Gariano, S. L., Grita, S., Marchesini, I., Melillo, M., Peruccacci, S., Salvati, P., Yazdani, M., and Fiorucci, F.: Inventory of landslides triggered by an extreme rainfall event in Marche-Umbria, Italy, on 15 September 2022, Sci. Data, 10, 427, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02336-3, 2023. Santoni, G. and Morici, R.: Misa Amaro. Piogge intense, inondazioni e alluvioni storiche a Senigallia, Biblioteca comunale antonelliana Senigallia, https://biblioteca.comune.senigallia.an.it/biblioteca-digitale/libri-digitali/misa-amaro/ (last access: 12 February 2026), 2021. Savelli, D., Nesci, O., and Basili, M.: Evidenze di un apparato glaciale pleistocenico sul Massiccio del Catria (Appennino Marchigiano), Geogr. Fis. Din. Quat., 18, 331–335, 1995. SIRMIP: Regional Weather-Hydro-Pluviometric Information System, Centro Funzionale Multirischi della Protezione Civile, http://app.protezionecivile.marche.it/sol/indexjs.sol?lang=it (last access: 12 February 2026), 2022. Tarquini S., Isola, I., Favalli, M., Battistini, A., and Dotta, G.: TINITALY, a digital elevation model of Italy with a 10 meters cell size (Version 1.1), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), https://doi.org/10.13127/tinitaly/1.1, 2023. Torcasio, R. C., Papa, M., Del Frate, F., Dietrich, S., Toffah, F. E., and Federico, S.: Study of the Intense Meteorological Event Occurred in September 2022 over the Marche Region with WRF Model: Impact of Lightning Data Assimilation on Rainfall and Lightning Prediction, Atmosphere, 14, 1152, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14071152, 2023. Trigila, A., Iadanza, C., Lastoria, B., Bussettini, M., and Barbano, A.: Dissesto Idrogeologico in Italia: Pericolosità e Indicatori di Rischio, ISPRA: Rome, Italy, ISBN 978-88-448-1085-6, 2021. Valentini, L., Guerra, V., and Nesci, O.: The Mt. Catria–Mt. Nerone Ridge in the North-Marchean Apennines (Central Italy): A Potential Geopark?, Sustainability, 15, 11382, https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411382, 2023. Wolstenholme, J. M., Skinner, C. J., Milan, D., Thomas, R. E., and Parsons, D. R.: Hydro-geomorphological modelling of leaky wooden dam efficacy from reach to catchment scale with CAESAR-Lisflood 1.9j, Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 1395–1411, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1395-2025, 2025.
Comments (0)